ÇáäÊÇÆÌ 1 Åáì 6 ãä 6

ÇáãæÖæÚ: ÈáíÒ ããßä ÊÊÑÌãæä áí

  1. #1
    äÌãÉ
    ÊÇÑíÎ ÇáÊÓÌíá
    20 - 01 - 2007
    ãÔÇÑßÇÊ
    196

    ÈáíÒ ããßä ÊÕÍíÍ ÇáÊÑÌãå

    Writing Process

    Since the writing process depends on the process of reading proficiency, we have focused on first reading, the definition of student all basic literacy skills, and how to employ them in all printed materials, which falls between his hands, whether among the topics scheduled to be considered at different stages of learning, or those friendly in a free reading.

    Why write? What relevance for the student?
    Why write? What relevance for the student? Writing is one of the means used to contact one another, that is a method of communication. And the processes of reading and writing thick for any student. Vulnerability in reading leads to weakness in the writing, and the mastery of literacy skills leads to mastery clerical skills. In order for the student to perform various activities that help in the learning process must effectively trained on both processes. 1 - summarizes read, and recorded observations on all subjects and lessons, learned. 2 - answer questions in writing. 3 - The apprenticeship-writing process at all stages of learning4 - reflects the same themes in the writing of expression. 5 - needs to be in the process of writing his own. 6 - the writing of reports and research. 7 - practiced writing hobby if it has literary tendencies.


    Writing in children, what children love to write?
    Children love to write: 1 - from the things they know. 2 - for things kingdom. 3 - About kill things. And improves us as mentors, to begin the education process of writing for children through all these things. We teach them through so many things important to the process of writing such as: 1 - children discover that they have to write stories, and ideas to discuss, and talents to evolve and improve. 2 - children aware that they can write, and communicate their ideas successfully through writing. 3 - children realize that writing manual labor, such as working pottery require redrafting, time and time again until mastery. 4 - children aware that writing helps to clarify their ideas. 5 - aware of children when they engage in thinking and writing are exposed to things is essential, such as: resistance and confusion, and confusion, and confusion, repetition and review, revision and correction .. 6 - to give children new ways and new uses of words and phrases learned previously.

    exercised language in the recruitment of children new attitudes. 8 - enhances children networking me (listening and responding) between each other while discussing what write. 9 - reflects the feelings and thoughts of children, and strategies to use, and the decisions they make during the writing. 10 - realizes that the script children in terms of depth and capacity through training and daily practice. 11 - children feel pride and pride when published writings on your class, or in the magazine wall, or in one of the local newspapers, magazines and periodicals which means writing children. If we opportunity to express we were writing for the students early age, they undoubtedly terrorists queen writing in the following phases smoothly.



    The first strategy / separation copies of expression: We need teachers to appreciate the process of writing all the content of complications. It is not a copy of a piece written free of errors. It is true ideas for children themselves, crossing by writing. Therefore, we must encourage them regardless of the form they take their writings. Attention will be Balamlae and elegance and numbering, and other later. Children need to write without fear of making mistakes. They need to write a lot, and within short periods. To respond to the previous question, we can say that students who have learned the rules and spelling and punctuation. This means that learning these rules dissented from the practice of writing, which make them separate later.

    Second strategy / language teaching skill bases are: We should know the language skill bases and not laws. Knowing the rules alone is not enough to write operation. What needs pupils, is the recruitment of these rules in their writings through systematic and routine practice. Strategy III / respect the intelligence behind the errors: 'Whether or collect pupils divided, the mistakes will help us know the logic in thinking. In general, there are logical thinking behind the errors.

    Strategy IV / learning reliable automatic or accidental: While the process of writing exercises students daily, it then develops clerical experience. When his colleagues and shared parameter in these artifacts are what he called "Service writer" imaginary, just as the shape of books and authors adults. As we note when things to us, as well as noticing Children methods, and uses of language, the systematic practice of writing.

    The stages of the writing process. They include: (1) planning to write: Rehearsing These include the activities preceding the draft, such as: thinking - participation - evoke ideas - listen to the ideas of the wonderful emergency.... inscribed). Some called these activities pre-write. The codification of ideas on paper as they were. Donald Murray says: "When we stop writing - think - writing - talking to each other - read - write - and so ... Meanwhile, our journey and we are not sure where to reach in the end." They search for a surprise trip. <br> The most difficult aspect surrounding this stage, is to put pen to paper to start writing. Therefore, the best way to start writing is to begin. And set on paper is what you ideas on the subject. (Gibson and Review comes when the writer separated from the article written. As Murray says, the revision requires that the writer interfere in the content of the writing examine Daily article written. Then to help out in a clear photo. > Meanwhile, the writer process.


    How to help students in the development process during the writing stages of? Writing comes at the end of a four language skills, and listening and reading, and word finally write. That is, it depends on what preceded skills. They also include many of the skills that must partial mastery of the stages before and during the written Turning it. If writing a complex process and, therefore, improve the teachers to deal with it carefully and warned, in order not only complex. The teacher is aware of how good help his students through1 - quotas, which focuses on short-specific skills training for pupils. (5-15 minutes). 2 - quotas for the training of students to exercise one stages of the writing process. (20-30 minutes). 3 - quotas to address common mistakes monitored by the teacher to read the writings of students. (15-25 minutes). 4 - Provide lists of correcting errors that help students to correct the mistakes themselves.

    ááÍÕæá Úáì ÊÝÓíÑ áÍáãß .. Íãá ÊØÈíÞäÇ áÊÝÓíÑ ÇáÇÍáÇã :
    ÇÌåÒÉ ÇáÇäÏÑæíÏ : ÊÝÓíÑ ÇáÇÍáÇã ãä åäÇ
    ÇÌåÒÉ ÇáÇíÝæä : ÊÝÓíÑ ÇáÇÍáÇã ãä åäÇ


    ÇáÊÚÏíá ÇáÃÎíÑ Êã ÈæÇÓØÉ LAILA2006 ; 2008-03-30 ÇáÓÇÚÉ 16:19

  2. #2
    äÌãÉ
    ÊÇÑíÎ ÇáÊÓÌíá
    20 - 01 - 2007
    ãÔÇÑßÇÊ
    196

    ÓæÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑí ÈäÇÊ ÈÓ ÇÑíÏ ÊÕÍíÍ ááÊÑÌãå .....

  3. #3
    ÚÖæÉ ÌÏíÏÉ
    ÊÇÑíÎ ÇáÊÓÌíá
    07 - 08 - 2007
    ãÔÇÑßÇÊ
    6

    ãÑÍÈÇ ÇáÛÇáíå

    ÍÈíÊ ÃòÓÇÚÏÌ áßä ããßä ÇÚÑÝ ÊÈíä ÇÊÑÌã áÌ æáÇ ÈÓ ÇáÊÏÞíÞ Úáì ÇáÊÑÌãÉ áÃäí ÇÍÓ ÇäåÇ ÊÑÌãÉ ÍÑÝíÉ ..

    æáæ ÇØÑÔíä áí ÇáäÕ ÈÇáÚÑÈí ÇÍÓä ...

    æÈÇáÊæÝíÞ

  4. #4
    äÌãÉ ãÊÃáÞÉ
    ÊÇÑíÎ ÇáÊÓÌíá
    30 - 05 - 2007
    ãÔÇÑßÇÊ
    317

    ÇáãÞÇá íÊßáã Úä ÇáßÊÇÈÉ æ ãÑÇÍá ÇáßÊÇÈÉ writing

    æ ÇÐÇ ÇäÊ ÊÈíä ÇáÊÕÍíÍ ÇäÇ ÍÇÖÑÉ
    ÈÓ ØÑÔíáí ÇáÊÑÌãÉ

    æ ÇÐÇ ÊÈäí ÇÊÑÌã ØÑÔíáí ÚÇáÎÇÕ ÈÊÑÌãáÌ ÇíÇåÇ

    åí ÓåáÉ

  5. #5
    äÌãÉ
    ÊÇÑíÎ ÇáÊÓÌíá
    20 - 01 - 2007
    ãÔÇÑßÇÊ
    196

    ÇæáÇ ãÔßæÑÑÑÑíä æÇááå íÚØíßã ÇáÚÇÝíå ,,,,,,,,,,æåÐÇ åæ ÇáäÕ ÈÇáÚÑÈí



    2) ÚãáíÉ ÇáßÊÇÈÉ



    1- áãÇÐÇ ÇáßÊÇÈÉ¿ æãÇ ÃåãíÊåÇ ÈÇáäÓÈÉ ááØÇáÈ¿

    2- ÇáßÊÇÈÉ ÚäÏ ÇáÃØÝÇá - Úä ãÇÐÇ íÍÈ ÇáÃØÝÇá Ãä íßÊÈæÇ¿

    3- ãÇ ÇáãÔÇßá ÇáÊí ÊæÇÌå ÇáØáÇÈ áÏì ÇáßÊÇÈÉ¿ æßíÝ íãßä ÇáÊÛáÈ ÚáíåÇ¿

    4- ãÇ ÇáãÑÇÍá ÇáÊí ÊãÑ ÈåÇ ÚãáíÉ ÇáßÊÇÈÉ¿

    5- ßíÝ äÓÇÚÏ ÇáØáÇÈ Ýí ÊÍÓíä ÚãáíÉ ÇáßÊÇÈÉ Ýí ÇáãÑÇÍá ÇáÊí ÊãÑ ÈåÇ¿

    6- ãÇ åí ÃåãíÉ ÞÇÆãÉ ÇáÊÕÍíÍ¿

    7- ãáÇÍÙÇÊ æÇÞÊÑÇÍÇÊ ÎÇÕÉ ÈÇáãÚáã Ýí ãÌÇá ÊÚáíã ÇáßÊÇÈÉ.




    ÚãáíÉ ÇáßÊÇÈÉ Writing Process



    áãÇ ßÇäÊ ÚãáíÉ ÇáßÊÇÈÉ ÊÚÊãÏ Úáì ÅÊÞÇä ÚãáíÉ ÇáÞÑÇÁÉ¡ ÝÞÏ ÑßÒäÇ Úáì ÇáÞÑÇÁÉ ÃæáÇð¡ ÈÊÚÑíÝ ÇáØÇáÈ ÈÌãíÚ ÇáãåÇÑÇÊ ÇáÞÑÇÆíÉ ÇáÃÓÇÓíÉ¡ æßíÝíÉ ÊæÙíÝåÇ Ýí ÌãíÚ ÇáãæÇÏ ÇáãÞÑæÁÉ ÇáÊí ÊÞÚ Èíä íÏíå¡ ÓæÇÁ ßÇäÊ Öãä ÇáãæÖæÚÇÊ ÇáãÞÑÑÉ ÇáÊí íÏÑÓåÇ Ýí ãÑÇÍá ÊÚáãå ÇáãÎÊáÝÉ¡ Ãæ Êáß ÇáÊí íØÇáÚåÇ Ýí ÞÑÇÁÇÊå ÇáÍÑÉ.



    1- áãÇÐÇ ÇáßÊÇÈÉ¿ æãÇ ÃåãíÊåÇ ÈÇáäÓÈÉ ááØÇáÈ¿

    ÚãáíÉ ÇáßÊÇÈÉ åí ÅÍÏì ÇáæÓÇÆá ÇáãÓÊÚãáÉ ááÇÊÕÇá ÈÈÚÖäÇ ÇáÈÚÖ¡ Ãí ÃäåÇ ÃÓáæÈ ãä ÃÓÇáíÈ ÇáÊæÇÕá.

    æÚãáíÊÇ ÇáÞÑÇÁÉ æÇáßÊÇÈÉ ãÊáÇÒãÊÇä ÈÇáäÓÈÉ áÃí ØÇáÈ. ÝÇáÖÚÝ Ýí ÇáÞÑÇÁÉ íÄÏí Åáì ÇáÖÚÝ Ýí ÇáßÊÇÈÉ¡ ßãÇ Ãä ÅÊÞÇä ÇáãåÇÑÇÊ ÇáÞÑÇÆíÉ íÄÏí Åáì ÅÊÞÇä ÇáãåÇÑÇÊ ÇáßÊÇÈíÉ. æáßí íÞæã ÇáØÇáÈ ÈÃÏÇÁ ÇáÃäÔØÉ ÇáãÎÊáÝÉ ÇáÊí ÊÓÇÚÏå Ýí ÚãáíÉ ÇáÊÚáã ÈÝÚÇáíÉ Úáíå Ãä íÊÏÑÈ Úáì ÇáÚãáíÊíä ßáÊíåãÇ. Ýåæ:

    1- íáÎÕ ãÇ íÞÑÃå¡ æíÏæä ÇáãáÇÍÙÇÊ Íæá ÌãíÚ ÇáÏÑæÓ æÇáãæÖæÚÇÊ ÇáÊí¡ íÊÚáãåÇ.

    2- íÌíÈ Úä ÇáÃÓÆáÉ ßÊÇÈíÇ.

    3- íÞæã ÈÇáÊÏÑÈ Úáì ÚãáíÉ ÇáßÊÇÈÉ Ýí ÌãíÚ ãÑÇÍá ÊÚáãå.

    4- íÚÈÑ Úä äÝÓå ßÊÇÈíÇ Ýí ãæÇÖíÚ ÇáÊÚÈíÑ.

    5- íÍÊÇÌ Åáì ÚãáíÉ ÇáßÊÇÈÉ Ýí ÍíÇÊå ÇáÎÇÕÉ.

    6- íÞæã ÈßÊÇÈÉ ÇáÊÞÇÑíÑ æÇáÃÈÍÇË.

    7- íãÇÑÓ ÇáßÊÇÈÉ ßåæÇíÉ ÅÐÇ ßÇäÊ áÏíå ãíæá ÃÏÈíÉ.



    2- ÇáßÊÇÈÉ ÚäÏ ÇáÃØÝÇá¡ Úä ãÇÐÇ íÍÈ ÇáÃØÝÇá Ãä íßÊÈæÇ¿



    ÊÞæá ÈíÌí áæíÏÒ Ýí ßÊÇÈåÇ " ÚãáíÉ ÇáßÊÇÈÉ":

    íÍÈ ÇáÃØÝÇá Ãä íßÊÈæÇ:

    1- Úä ÃÔíÇÁ íÚÑÝæäåÇ.

    2- Úä ÃÔíÇÁ íÍÓæäåÇ.

    3- Úä ÃÔíÇÁ ÊÏåÔåã ÝíÊÓÇÁáæä ÚäåÇ.

    4- Úä ÃÔíÇÁ íÚÊÞÏæäåÇ.

    æíÍÓä ÈäÇ ßãÑÈíä¡ Ãä äÈÏà ÈÊÚáíã ÚãáíÉ ÇáßÊÇÈÉ ááÃØÝÇá Úä ØÑíÞ åÐå ÇáÃÔíÇÁ ÌãíÚåÇ. æäÍä ãä ÎáÇá Ðáß äÚáãåã ÃÔíÇÁ ßËíÑÉ åÇãÉ áÚãáíÉ ÇáßÊÇÈÉ ãËá:

    1- íßÊÔÝ ÇáÃØÝÇá Ãä áÏíåã ÞÕÕÇ áÊßÊÈ¡ æÃÝßÇÑÇð áÊäÇÞÔ¡ æãæÇåÈ áÊÊØæÑ æÊÊÍÓä.

    2- íÏÑß ÇáÃØÝÇá Ãä ÈÅãßÇäåã Ãä íßÊÈæÇ¡ æÇä íæÕáæÇ ÃÝßÇÑåã ÈäÌÇÍ ãä ÎáÇá ÇáßÊÇÈÉ.

    3- íÏÑß ÇáÃØÝÇá Ãä ÇáßÊÇÈÉ Úãá íÏæí ãËá Úãá ÇáÝÎÇÑ¡ ÊÍÊÇÌ Åáì ÅÚÇÏÉ ÇáÕíÇÛÉ ãÑÉ Êáæ ãÑÉ ÍÊì íÊã ÅÊÞÇäåÇ.

    4- íÏÑß ÇáÃØÝÇá Ãä ÇáßÊÇÈÉ ÊÓÇÚÏåã Ýí ÊæÖíÍ ÃÝßÇÑåã.

    5- íÏÑß ÇáÃØÝÇá Çäåã Ííä íãÇÑÓæä ÇáÊÝßíÑ æÇáßÊÇÈÉ¡ íÊÚÑÖæä Åáì ÃãæÑ áÇ ÈÏ ãäåÇ ãËá: ÇáãÞÇæãÉ¡ æÇáÍíÑÉ¡ æÇáÇÑÊÈÇß¡ æÇáÎáØ¡ æÇáÊßÑÇÑ æÇáãÑÇÌÚÉ æÇáÊÕÍíÍ æÇáÊäÞíÍ.. ÇáÎ.

    6- íÌÑÈ ÇáÃØÝÇá ÃÓÇáíÈ ÌÏíÏÉ æÇÓÊÚãÇáÇÊ ÌÏíÏÉ ááßáãÇÊ æÇáÚÈÇÑÇÊ ÇáÊí ÊÚáãæåÇ ÓÇÈÞÇð.

    7- íãÇÑÓ ÇáÃØÝÇá ÊæÙíÝ ÇááÛÉ Ýí ãæÇÞÝ ÌÏíÏÉ.

    8- íÚÒÒ ÇáÃØÝÇá ãåÇÑÊí ÇáÊæÇÕá ( ÇáÇÓÊãÇÚ æÇáÊÌÇæÈ) Èíä ÈÚÖåã ÈÚÖÇ Ííä íäÇÞÔæä ãÇ íßÊÈæäå.

    9- íÚßÓ ÇáÃØÝÇá ãÔÇÚÑåã æÃÝßÇÑåã¡ æÇáÇÓÊÑÇÊíÌíÇÊ ÇáÊí íÓÊÚãáæäåÇ¡ æÇáÞÑÇÑÇÊ ÇáÊí íÊÎÐæäåÇ ÃËäÇÁ ÇáßÊÇÈÉ.

    10- íÏÑß ÇáÃØÝÇá Ãä ßÊÇÈÊåã ãä ÍíË ÇáÚãÞ æÇáÓÚÉ Úä ØÑíÞ ÇáÊÏÑíÈ æÇáããÇÑÓÉ ÇáíæãíÉ.

    11- íÔÚÑ ÇáÃØÝÇá ÈÇáÇÚÊÒÇÒ æÇáÝÎÑ Ííä ÊäÔÑ ßÊÇÈÇÊåã Ýí áæÍÉ ÇáÕÝ¡ Ãæ Ýí ãÌáÉ ÇáÍÇÆØ¡ Ãæ Ýí ÅÍÏì ÇáÕÍÝ ÇáãÍáíÉ Ãæ ÇáãÌáÇÊ æÇáÏæÑíÇÊ ÇáÊí ÊÚäì ÈßÊÇÈÉ ÇáÃØÝÇá.

    æÅÐÇ äÍä ÃÊÍäÇ ÝÑÕÉ ÇáÊÚÈíÑ ÈÇáßÊÇÈÉ ááÊáÇãíÐ ãäÐ ÇáÕÛÑ¡ ÝÇäåã ÈáÇ Ôß ÓíãÊáßæä ãáßÉ ÇáßÊÇÈÉ Ýí ÇáãÑÇÍá ÇáÊÇáíÉ ÈíÓÑ æÓåæáÉ.



    3- ãÇ ÇáãÔÇßá ÇáÊí ÊæÇÌå ÇáØáÇÈ Ýí ÇáßÊÇÈÉ¡ æßíÝ íãßä ÇáÊÛáÈ ÚáíåÇ¿

    íÍÞ áäÇ ßãÑÈíä Ãä äÊÓÇÁá:

    áãÇÐÇ íÝÊÞÑ ãÚÙã ÇáØáÇÈ Ýí ÇáãÑÍáÉ ÇáÅÚÏÇÏíÉ æÇáËÇäæíÉ Åáì ÇáÞÏÑÉ Úáì äÞá æÊæÙíÝ ÇáãåÇÑÇÊ ÇáßÊÇÈíÉ ÇáÊí íÊÚáãæäåÇ Ýí ÇáãÑÍáÉ ÇáÇÈÊÏÇÆíÉ Ýí ÇáãæÇÖíÚ ÇáÊí íßÊÈæäåÇ¿

    Ýåã íÊÚáãæä ÇáÞæÇÚÏ¡ æÇáÊÑÞíã¡ æÇáÅãáÇÁ…. ÇáÎ æáßä áãÇÐÇ íÚÌÒæä Úä ÊæÙíÝåÇ Ýí ßÊÇÈÇÊåã¿

    ÊÞÊÑÍ áæÓí ßÇáßäÓ Ýí ßÊÇÈåÇ " Ýä ÊÚáíã ÇáßÊÇÈÉ" ÈÚÖ ÇáÇÓÊÑÇÊíÌíÇÊ ÇáãÍÏÏÉ ÇáÊí íÍÓä Ãä ÊÄÎÐ ÈÚíä ÇáÇÚÊÈÇÑ áÏì ÇáÊÝßíÑ ÈÊÚáíã ÇáßÊÇÈÉ:



    ÇáÇÓÊÑÇÊíÌíÉ ÇáÃæáì/ ÝÕá ÇáäÓÎ Úä ÇáÊÚÈíÑ:

    äÍÊÇÌ ßãÚáãíä Ãä äÞÏÑ ÚãáíÉ ÇáßÊÇÈÉ Èßá ãÇ ÊÊÖãäå ãä ÊÚÞíÏÇÊ. Ýåí áíÓÊ ÚãáíÉ äÓÎ áÞØÚÉ ãßÊæÈÉ ÎÇáíÉ ãä ÇáÃÎØÇÁ. æÅäãÇ åí ÃÝßÇÑ ÍÞíÞíÉ ááÃØÝÇá ÃäÝÓåã¡ íÚÈÑæä ÚäåÇ ÈÇáßÊÇÈÉ. æáåÐÇ¡ ÚáíäÇ Ãä äÔÌÚåã ÈÛÖ ÇáäÙÑ Úä ÇáÔßá ÇáÐí ÊÃÎÐå ßÊÇÈÇÊåã. ÓíÊã ÇáÇåÊãÇã ÈÇáÅãáÇÁ æÇáÃäÇÞÉ æÇáÊÑÞíã æÛíÑ Ðáß ÝíãÇ ÈÚÏ. ÝÇáÃØÝÇá íÍÊÇÌæä Åáì ÇáßÊÇÈÉ Ïæä ÎæÝ ãä ÇáæÞæÚ Ýí ÇáÎØÃ. æåã íÍÊÇÌæä Ãä íßÊÈæÇ ßËíÑÇ¡ æÖãä ÝÊÑÇÊ ÞÕíÑÉ.

    æááÅÌÇÈÉ Úä ÇáÓÄÇá ÇáÓÇÈÞ¡ íãßä ÇáÞæá Ãä ÇáØáÇÈ ÇáÐíä ÊÚáãæÇ ÇáÞæÇÚÏ æÇáÅãáÇÁ æÇáÊÑÞíã¡ áã íÊÚáãæÇ ßíÝ íæÙÝæäåÇ Ýí ÇáãåÇÑÉ ÇáßÊÇÈíÉ. Ãí Ãä ÊÚáã åÐå ÇáÞæÇÚÏ ÇäÝÕá Úä ããÇÑÓÉ ÇáßÊÇÈÉ¡ ÇáÃãÑ ÇáÐí ÌÚáåãÇ ãäÝÕáÊíä ÝíãÇ ÈÚÏ.



    ÇáÅÓÊÑÇÊíÌíÉ ÇáËÇäíÉ/ ÊÚáíã ÇááÛÉ ßãåÇÑÉ áÇ ßÞæÇÚÏ:

    íÌÏÑ ÈäÇ Ãä äÚáã ÇááÛÉ ßãåÇÑÉ áÇ ßÞæÇÚÏ æÞæÇäíä. ÝãÚÑÝÉ ÇáÞæÇÚÏ æÍÏåÇ áÇ ÊßÝí áÚãáíÉ ÇáßÊÇÈÉ. ÃãÇ ãÇ íÍÊÇÌå ÇáÊáÇãíС Ýåæ ÊæÙíÝ åÐå ÇáÞæÇÚÏ Ýí ßÊÇÈÇÊåã Úä ØÑíÞ ÇáããÇÑÓÉ ÇáÏÇÆÈÉ æÇáãäÊÙãÉ.



    ÇáÇÓÊÑÇÊíÌíÉ ÇáËÇáËÉ/ ÇÍÊÑÇã ÇáÐßÇÁ ÎáÝ ÇáÃÎØÇÁ:

    " ÓæÇÁ ÌãÚ ÇáÊáÇãíÐ Ãæ ÞÓøãæÇ¡ ÊåÌæÇ Ãæ ÑÞøãæÇ¡ ÝÅä ÃÎØÇÁåã ÊÓÇÚÏäÇ Úáì ãÚÑÝÉ ÇáãäØÞ Ýí ÊÝßíÑåã. æÈÔßá ÚÇã ÝÅä åäÇß ÊÝßíÑ ãäØÞí ÎáÝ ÇáÃÎØÇÁ. " ( ßÇáßäÓ- Ýä ÊÚáíã ÇáßÊÇÈÉ. Õ202.).

    æßãÚáãíä¡ ÚáíäÇ ÊÍáíá ÇáÃÎØÇÁ ÇáæÇÑÏÉ Ýí ßÊÇÈÉ ÇáÊáÇãíС áäÊÚÑÝ ÃæáÇ Úáì ÇáÃÓÈÇÈ ÇáÊí Êßãä ÎáÝ Êáß ÇáÃÎØÇÁ¡ æËÇäíÇð Úáì ÇáØÑÞ ÇáãäÇÓÈÉ Ýí ãÚÇáÌÊåÇ. æÈÏæä ÅÊÇÍÉ ÇáÝÑÕÉ ÃãÇã ÇáÊáÇãíÐ ááßÊÇÈÉ ÇáÍÑÉ¡ ÝÓÊÙá Êáß ÇáÃÎØÇÁ ÛíÑ ãÚÑæÝÉ¡ æÈÇáÊÇáí áä íßæä åäÇß ãÚÇáÌÉ Ãæ ÊØæíÑ áÚãáíÉ ÇáßÊÇÈÉ áÏì ÃæáÆß ÇáÊáÇãíÐ.



    ÇáÇÓÊÑÇÊíÌíÉ ÇáÑÇÈÚÉ/ ÇáæËæÞ ÈÇáÊÚáã ÇáÊáÞÇÆí Ãæ ÇáÚÑÖí:

    Ííä íãÇÑÓ ÇáÊáÇãíÐ ÚãáíÉ ÇáßÊÇÈÉ íæãíÇð¡ Ýåæ ÍíäÆÐ íØæÑ ÊÌÇÑÈå ÇáßÊÇÈíÉ. æÍíä íÔÇÑßå ÒãáÇÄå æãÚáãå Ýí åÐå ÇáäÊÇÌÇÊ¡ ÊÔßá ÚäÏå ãÇ ÊÓãì " ÈÏÇÆÑÉ ÇáßÇÊÈ" ÇáãÊÎíáÉ¡ ÊãÇãÇ ßãÇ ÊÊÔßá ááßÊÇÈ æÇáãÄáÝíä ÇáßÈÇÑ.

    æßãÇ äáÇÍÙ ÇáÃÔíÇÁ Ííä äåÊã ÈåÇ¡ ÝÇáÃØÝÇá ßÐáß íáÇÍÙæä ÇáÃÓÇáíÈ¡ æÇÓÊÚãÇáÇÊ ÇááÛÉ¡ áÏì ÇáããÇÑÓÉ ÇáãäÊÙãÉ ááßÊÇÈÉ.

    ÈÚÏ Ãä ÚÑÝäÇ ÃåãøíÉ ÇáÇäÊÙÇã Ýí ããÇÑÓÉ ÇáßÊÇÈÉ ÇáíæãíÉ ãä ÃÌá ÊØæíÑ ÇáãåÇÑÇÊ ÇáßÊÇÈíÉ¡ äÃÊí ÇáÂä Åáì ÇáÓÄÇá:



    4- ãÇ ÇáãÑÇÍá ÇáÊí ÊãÑ ÈåÇ ÚãáíÉ ÇáßÊÇÈÉ¿

    íÞæá ÌÑíÝÒ:" Åä áÚãáíÉ ÇáßÊÇÈÉ ÞæÉ ÏÇÝÚÉ ÊÓãì ÇáÕæÊ. æÅä åÐÇ ÇáÕæÊ¡ ãä ÇáäÇÍíÉ ÇáÝäíÉ- áÇ íßæä Öãä ÚãáíÉ ÊÈÏà Ýí ÑÍáÉ ÇáßÊÇÈÉ ãä ÈÏÇíÊåÇ ÍÊì äåÇíÊåÇ ÝÍÓÈ¡ æÅäãÇ åæ Öãä ßá ÌÒÁ ãä ãåÇÑÇÊ ÚãáíÉ ÇáßÊÇÈÉ. æÅÐÇ äÍä ÃäßÑäÇ åÐÇ ÇáÕæÊ¡ ÝÅääÇ äÞÏã ÚãáíÉ ÇáßÊÇÈÉ ßäÔÇØ ãíßÇäíßí ÎÇá ãä äÈÖ ÇáÍíÇÉ".

    æÈÅÚØÇÁ ÇáÊáÇãíÐ ÇáãÌÇá ááßÊÇÈÉ Úä ÇáÕæÊ ÇáÐí íäØáÞ ãä ÏÇÎáåã¡ äßæä ÞÏ ÑßÒäÇ Úáì ÚãáíÉ ÇáßÊÇÈÉ ÍíË íÌÈ Ãä íßæä ÇáÊÑßíÒ. Ãí Úáì ÊÝßíÑ ÇáÊáÇãíÐ æÎíÇáåã.



    ÃãÇ ÇáãÑÇÍá ÇáÊí ÊãÑ ÈåÇ ÚãáíÉ ÇáßÊÇÈÉ. Ýåí ÊÔãá:



    (1) ÇáÊÎØíØ ááßÊÇÈÉ: Rehearsing

    æÊÊÖãä åÐå ÇáãÑÍáÉ ÇáÃäÔØÉ ÇáÊí ÊÓÈÞ ÇáãÓæÏÉ¡ ãËá: ÇáÊÝßíÑ - ÇáãÔÇÑßÉ - ÇÓÊÍÖÇÑ ÇáÃÝßÇÑ- ÇáÅÕÛÇÁ ááÃÝßÇÑ ÇáÑÇÆÚÉ ÇáØÇÑÆÉ …. ÇáÎ ( ÏæäÇáÏ ÌÑíÝÒ).

    æÇáÈÚÖ íØáÞ Úáì åÐå ÇáÃäÔØÉ ãÑÍáÉ ãÇ ÞÈá ÇáßÊÇÈÉ.



    (2) ÇáãÓæÏÉ: Drafting

    æÊÊÖãä ÊÏæíä ÇáÃÝßÇÑ Úáì ÇáæÑÞ ßíÝãÇ ßÇäÊ.

    íÞæá ÏæäÇáÏ ãæÑí:" Ííä äßÊÈ äÊæÞÝ - äÝßÑ - äßÊÈ - äÊÍÏË Åáì ÈÚÖäÇ ÇáÈÚÖ - äÞÑÃ- äßÊÈ- æåßÐÇ… æÃËäÇÁ Ðáß¡ äÞæã ÈÑÍáÉ æäÍä ÛíÑ ãÊÃßÏíä Åáì Ãíä ÓäÕá Ýí ÇáäåÇíÉ".

    ÅäåÇ ÑÍáÉ ÇáÈÍË Úä ÇáãÝÇÌÃÉ.

    Åä ÃÕÚÈ ãÇ íßÊäÝ åÐå ÇáãÑÍáÉ¡ åæ æÖÚ ÇáÞáã Úáì ÇáæÑÞÉ ááÈÏÁ ÈÇáßÊÇÈÉ. áÐáß¡ ÝÇä ÃÝÖá ØÑíÞÉ ááÈÏÁ ÈÇáßÊÇÈÉ åí Ãä ÊÈÏÃ. æÃä ÊÖÚ Úáì ÇáæÑÞ ßá ãÇ íÑÏ Åáíß ãä ÃÝßÇÑ Íæá ÇáãæÖæÚ. ( ÌíÈÓæä æßíÑÒß. Õ140).



    (3) ÇáãÑÇÌÚÉ: Revising

    ÊÃÊí ãÑÍáÉ ÇáãÑÇÌÚÉ Ííä íäÝÕá ÇáßÇÊÈ Úä ÇáãÇÏÉ ÇáãßÊæÈÉ.

    æßãÇ íÞæá ãæÑí¡ ÝÅä ÇáãÑÇÌÚÉ ÊÊØáÈ Ãä íÊÏÎá ÇáßÇÊÈ Ýí ãÍÊæì ÇáßÊÇÈÉ áíãÍÕ ãÇ ÊÞæáå ÇáãÇÏÉ ÇáãßÊæÈÉ. Ëã áíÓÇÚÏ Ýí ÅÎÑÇÌåÇ ÈÔßá æÇÖÍ Ìãíá.

    æÃËäÇÁ Ðáß¡ íÞæã ÇáßÇÊÈ ÈÊØæíÑåÇ¡ æÍÐÝ Ãæ ÅÖÇÝÉ ãÇ íÌÚáåÇ ÃßËÑ ÌãÇáÇ æÃäÇÞÉ¡ ãÑÇÚíÇ ÊÕÍíÍ ÇáÃÎØÇÁ ÇáÅãáÇÆíÉ æÇáÞæÇÚÏ æÇáÊÑÞíã … ÇáÎ.



    æÊÊÖãä ÚãáíÉ ÇáãÑÇÌÚÉ:

    1- ÊÛííÑ ßáãÉ ÈÃÎÑì .. Word Substitution ( Slotting)

    2- ÊØæíá ÇáÌãáÉ. Sentence Expansion

    3- ÊÞÕíÑ ÇáÌãáÉ. Sentence Reduction

    4- ÏãÌ ÌãáÊíä ÈÌãáÉ æÇÍÏÉ. Sentence Combining

    5- ÊÍÑíß ßáãÇÊ Ãæ ãÞÇØÚ Ãæ Ìãá ãä ãßÇä Åáì ÂÎÑ. æÛíÑ Ðáß.

    Movability- Words, Phrases and Sentences… etc.



    ÊÏÎá ÇáãÍÇÏËÉ ( Conferencing ) ßÚäÕÑ åÇã áÚãáíÉ ÇáãÑÇÌÚÉ. æÊÈÏà ÃæáÇ Èíä ÇáØÇáÈ æÇáãÚáã Úáì Ôßá ÃÓÆáÉ- ÊÓÇÄáÇÊ - ÍæÇÑ … ÇáÎ Íæá ÇáãæÖæÚ ÇáÐí ßÊÈå ÇáØÇáÈ. æÈÚÏ Ðáß ÊÊØæÑ ÇáãÍÇÏËÉ áÊÍÕá áÏì ÇáØÇáÈ äÝÓå. æåÐå ÎØæÉ åÇãÉ ÈÇáäÓÈÉ áÚãáíÉ ÇáßÊÇÈÉ.

    æíãßä Ãä ÊÊã åÐå ÇáÎØæÉ ßÐáß Èíä ÇáÊáÇãíÐ ÃäÝÓåã¡Ü æÐáß ÈÃä íæÒÚåã ÇáãÚáã Úáì ãÌãæÚÇÊ. ßá ÝÑÏ Ýí ÇáãÌãæÚÉ ÇáæÇÍÏÉ íÞÑà Úáì ÒãáÇÆå ãæÖæÚå ÇáÐí ßÊÈå. æÃËäÇÁ Ðáß¡ íÏæä ÇáÂÎÑæä ãáÇÍÙÇÊåã æÇÓÊÝÓÇÑÇÊåã.

    ÊÊã ãäÇÞÔÉ ÇáãæÖæÚ¡ æÊÄÎÐ ÇáãáÇÍÙÇÊ æÇáÊÓÇÄáÇÊ ÈÚíä ÇáÇÚÊÈÇÑ áÏì ÅÚÇÏÉ ßÊÇÈÉ ÇáãæÖæÚ.

    æåäÇ ÊÌÏÑ ÇáÅÔÇÑÉ Åáì ÖÑæÑÉ ÚÏã ÅÛÝÇá ÇáäæÇÍí ÇáÅíÌÇÈíÉ Ýí ÇáãæÖæÚ ãä ÌåÉ¡ æÇáÊÚÈíÑ ÈÃÓáæÈ áØíÝ Úä ÇáÊÓÇÄáÇÊ ãä ÌåÉ ÃÎÑì¡ ãËá:

    åÐå ÇáÌãáÉ ÑÇÆÚÉ¡ æáßääí áã ÃÝåã ãÇ ÊÞÕÏå ÈßÐÇ.. æßÐÇ. åá íãßä ÊæÖíÍ ßÐÇ … æßÐÇ ¿¿



    (4) ãÑÍáÉ ÇáÊÍÑíÑ: Editing

    ÊÚÊÈÑ åÐå ÇáÚãáíÉ ÇáÌÓÑ ÇáÐí ÊãÑ Úäå ÇáãÇÏÉ ÇáãßÊæÈÉ Åáì ãÑÍáÉ ÇáäÔÑ. æáÐÇ ÝáíÓ ßá ãÇ íßÊÈå ÇáØÇáÈ íÕá Åáì ãÑÍáÉ ÇáÊÍÑíÑ.

    æÊÞÊÑÍ ÈÌí áæíÏÒ Ýí ßÊÇÈåÇ ( ÚãáíÉ ÇáßÊÇÈÉ) Ãä íÎÊÇÑ ÇáØÇáÈ ãæÖæÚÇð ãä ßá ÎãÓÉ ãæÇÖíÚ íßÊÈåÇ¡ ÈÚÏ Ãä ÊÕá Åáì ãÑÍáÉ ÇáãÑÇÌÚÉ æÇáãÍÇÏËÉ. åÐÇ ÇáãæÖæÚ íÞÏã áíÎÖÚ Åáì åÐå ÇáãÑÍáÉ ÇáÊí ÊÞæÏ Åáì ãÑÍáÉ ÇáäÔÑ.



    åäÇß ÎãÓÉ ÃÓÆáÉ åÇãÉ ÊÊÚáÞ ÈÚãáíÉ ÇáÊÍÑíÑ:

    1- ãÊì íÌÈ Ãä ÊÍÕá ÚãáíÉ ÇáÊÍÑíÑ¿

    2- ãÇ äæÚ ÇáÊÍÑíÑ ÇáÐí íÌÈ Ãä íÊã¿

    3- Ãíä íÌÈ Ãä ÊÍÕá ÚãáíÉ ÇáÊÍÑíÑ¿

    4- ßíÝ íÊÚáã ÇáÊáÇãíÐ ÚãáíÉ ÇáÊÍÑíÑ¿

    5- áãÇÐÇ íÌÈ Ãä íÊÚáã ÇáÊáÇãíÐ ÚãáíÉ ÇáÊÍÑíÑ¿



    1- íãßä Ãä äØáÈ ãä ßá ÊáãíÐ Ãä íßÊÈ ãæÖæÚÇÊå ÇáÊí íÎÊÇÑåÇ ÎáÇá ÃÓÈæÚ Ãæ ÃßËÑ. Ëã íÎÊÇÑ ÃÝÖáåÇ áÊÞÏíãå Åáì ãÑÍáÉ ÃÎÑì.

    2- ÃãÇ äæÚ ÇáÊÍÑíÑ ÇáÐí íÌÑí ¡ Ýåæ íÊÖãä ÊÕÍíÍ ÇáÃÎØÇÁ ÇáÊí áÇ ÊÒÇá æÇÑÏÉ Ýí ÇáãæÖæÚ ÈÚÏ ÚãáíÉ ÇáãÑÇÌÚÉ æåäÇ íãßä ÇáÇÓÊÚÇäÉ ÈÞÇÆãÉ ÇáÊÕÍíÍ ÇáÚÇãÉ Ãæ ÇáÎÇÕÉ ÈÇáØÇáÈ äÝÓå.

    3- íãßä Ãä íÌÑí ÇáÊÍÑíÑ ÏÇÎá ÇáÕÝ ÝíÎÕÕ áÐáß ØÇæáÉ ÚáíåÇ ßá ÇáÃÏæÇÊ ÇááÇÒãÉ ãä ÃÞáÇã æÃáæÇä æãÍÇíÇÊ æãÓÇØÑ… ÇáÎ.

    4- íÊÚáã ÇáÃØÝÇá ÚãáíÉ ÇáÊÍÑíÑ ÈÇáããÇÑÓÉ æÚä ØÑíÞ ÇáÍÕÕ ÇáÎÇÕÉ ÈÇáÊÏÑíÈ Úáì ÊØÈíÞ ÇáãåÇÑÇÊ ÇáãÊÚáÞÉ ÈåÐå ÇáãÑÍáÉ.

    5- ÊõÚÊÈÑ ãÑÍáÉ ÇáÊÍÑíÑ ãä ÕáÈ ÚáãíÉ ÇáßÊÇÈÉ æáåÐÇ íÌÈ Ãä íÊÚáãåãÇ ÇáÊáÇãíÐ áíØÈÞæåÇ ÝíãÇ ÈÚÏ Úáì ßá ãÇ íßÊÈæäå áÃäÝÓåã.



    æÃÎíÑÇ äÃÊí Åáì ÇáãÑÍáÉ ÇáÊí ØÇáãÇ ÇäÊÙÑäÇåÇ. ÅäåÇ:



    (5) ãÑÍáÉ ÇáäÔÑ: Publishing

    æÇáäÔÑ åí ÇáãÑÍáÉ ÇáÊí ÊÕá ÈåÇ ÇáãÇÏÉ ÇáãßÊæÈÉ Åáì ÇáÔßá ÇáäåÇÆí. ÝÇáÃÎØÇÁ ÇáÅãáÇÆíÉ ÕÍÍÊ¡ æÇáÎØ æÇÖÍ æÌãíá¡ ÇáÑÓæãÇÊ ÈÏÊ ÃäíÞÉ¡ æÕÝÍÉ ÇáÛáÇÝ ÊÏÚæ ÇáÞÇÑÆ áßËíÑ ãä ÇáÇÍÊãÇáÇÊ ÇáãËíÑÉ. ÅäåÇ ãÑÍáÉ ÇáÇÈÊåÇÌ æÇáÏåÔÉ ÈÚÏ ÇáÚãá ÇáÔÇÞ ÇáÏÄæÈ æåí ßÐáß ÑãÒ ÇáæÕæá Åáì ãÑÍáÉ ÇáÇßÊãÇá.



    1- áãÇÐÇ áÇ ÊäÔÑ ÈÚÖ ÃÚãÇá ÇáØáÈÉ Ýí ÇáÕÍÝ æÇáãÌáÇÊ ÇáÊí ÊÚäì ÈÃÏÈ ÇáÃØÝÇá¿

    2- áãÇÐÇ áÇ ÊÎÕÕ áæÍÉ Ýí ÇáÕÝ Ãæ ÒÇæíÉ ÈãßÊÈÉ ÇáãÏÑÓÉ áÊäÔÑ ÚáíåÇ ßÊÇÈÇÊ ÇáÊáÇãíÐ ãä ÇÌá ÞÑÇÁÊåÇ ãä ÞÈá ÇáÊáÇãíÐ ÇáÂÎÑíä¿

    3- áãÇÐÇ áÇ ÊäÔÑ Ýí ãÌáÉ ÇáÍÇÆØ ÇáÕÝíÉ Ãæ ÇáãÏÑÓíÉ¿

    4- áãÇÐÇ áÇ äÔÌÚ ÇáÊáÇãíÐ Úáì ÇáÇÍÊÝÇÙ ÈßÊÇÈÇÊåã ÇáÓÇÈÞÉ áãÞÇÑäÊåÇ ÈÇáßÊÇÈÇÊ ÇááÇÍÞÉ¿ ÝíÔÚÑ ÇáÊáÇãíÐ ÚäÏÆÐ ÈÇáÝÎÑ æÇáÇÚÊÒÇÒ ááÊØæÑ ÇáÐí ØÑà Úáì ÚãáíÉ ÇáßÊÇÈÉ áÏíåã¿




    5- ßíÝ äÓÇÚÏ ÇáÊáÇãíÐ Ýí ÊØæíÑ ÚãáíÉ ÇáßÊÇÈÉ ÎáÇá ÇáãÑÇÍá ÇáÊí ÊãÑ ÈåÇ¿

    ÊÃÊí ÚãáíÉ ÇáßÊÇÈÉ Ýí äåÇíÉ Óáã ÇáãåÇÑÇÊ ÇááÛæíÉ ÇáÃÑÈÚ¡ æåí ÇáÇÓÊãÇÚ æÇááÝÙ æÇáÞÑÇÁÉ æÃÎíÑÇð ÇáßÊÇÈÉ. Ãí ÃäåÇ ÊÚÊãÏ Úáì ßá ãÇ ÓÈÞåÇ ãä ãåÇÑÇÊ. æåí ßÐáß ÊÔãá ÇáÚÏíÏ ãä ÇáãåÇÑÇÊ ÇáÌÒÆíÉ ÇáÊí áÇ ÈÏ ãä ÅÊÞÇäåÇ ÞÈá æÇËäÇÁ ÇáãÑÇÍá ÇáßÊÇÈíÉ ÇáÊí ÊØÑÞäÇ ÅáíåÇ.

    ÝÇáßÊÇÈÉ ÅÐÇ ÚãáíÉ ãÚÞÏÉ¡ æáÐÇ¡ íÍÓä ÈÇáãÚáãíä Ãä íÊÚÇãáæÇ ãÚåÇ ÈÇäÊÈÇå æÍÐÑ¡ ÍÊì áÇ íÒíÏæåÇ ÊÚÞíÏÇð. æÇáãÚáã ÇáÌíÏ íÏÑß ßíÝ íÓÇÚÏ ÊáÇãíÐå Úä ØÑíÞ:

    1- ÇáÍÕÕ ÇáÞÕíÑÉ ÇáÊí ÊÑßÒ Íæá ãåÇÑÇÊ ãÍÏÏÉ áÊÏÑíÈ ÊáÇãíÐå ÚáíåÇ. ( 5-15 ÏÞíÞÉ).

    2- ÍÕÕ áÊÏÑíÈ ÇáÊáÇãíÐ Úáì ããÇÑÓÉ ÅÍÏì ÇáãÑÇÍá ÇáÊí ÊãÑ ÈåÇ ÚãáíÉ ÇáßÊÇÈÉ. (20-30 ÏÞíÞÉ).

    3- ÍÕÕ áãÚÇáÌÉ ÇáÃÎØÇÁ ÇáÔÇÆÚÉ ÇáÊí íÑÕÏåÇ ÇáãÚáã áÏì ÞÑÇÁÊå áßÊÇÈÇÊ ÇáÊáÇãíÐ. (15-25ÏÞíÞÉ).

    4- ÊæÝíÑ ÞæÇÆã ÊÕÍíÍ ÇáÃÎØÇÁ ÇáÊí ÊÓÇÚÏ ÇáÊáÇãíÐ Úáì ÊÕÍíÍ ÃÎØÇÆåã ÈÃäÝÓåã.



    6-ãÇ ÃåãíÉ ÞæÇÆã ÇáÊÕÍíÍ¿

    íÞæá ÇáãËá¡ áÇ ÊóÚóáøã ÈÏæä ÃÎØÇÁ. æÇáÐí áÇ íÎØÆ áÇ íÊÚáã. æÅÐÇ ÃÎØà ÇáØÇáÈ¡ ÓÇÚÏå Ýí Ãä íßÊÔÝ ÎØÃå æÔÌÚå Úáì Ãä íÕÍÍå ÈäÝÓå.

    Åä ãä íÊÚÇãá ãÚ ÃÎØÇÁ ÇáÊáÇãíÐ ÇáßÊÇÈíÉ¡ íÏÑß Ãä ãÚÙãåÇ ÊÍÕá äÊíÌÉ ÇáÓåæ Ãæ ÚÏã ÇáÊÑßíÒ æÇáÇäÊÈÇå. æÞÇÆãÉ ÇáÃÎØÇÁ åí ÇáÖæÁ ÇáÐí íÞæá ááÊáãíÐ ÞÝ: Ãí ÞÝ æÝßÑ æÇÈÍË æÊÃßÏ Ëã ÕáÍ.

    æÞÇÆãÉ ÇáÊÕÍíÍ ÊÔãá ÚÇÏÉ ÇáÃÎØÇÁ ÇáÔÇÆÚÉ ÇáÊí íÞÚ ÝíåÇ ÇáÊáÇãíÐ.

    æáßí áÇ íÊÏÎá ÇáãÚáã ÈÊÕÍíÍ ÃÎØÇÁ ÇáÊáÇãíÐ ÈÕæÑÉ ãÈÇÔÑÉ¡ íãßä Ãä íÚáÞ áæÍÉ ÊÊÖãä ÇáÃÎØÇÁ ÇáÔÇÆÚÉ¡ æÇáÊí ÊÊÖãä ÚÇÏÉ ÈÚÖ ÇáÞÖÇíÇ ÇáÅãáÇÆíÉ Ãæ ÇáÊÑÞíã Ãæ ÈÚÖ ÞÖÇíÇ ÇáäÍæ æÇáÕÑÝ ¡Åáì ÛíÑ Ðáß . æíÍÓä Ãä Êßæä åäÇß ÞÇÆãÊÇä:

    1- ÞÇÆãÉ ÚÇãÉ ÎÇÕÉ ÈÇáÕÝ ÊõÚáÞ Ýí ãßÇä ÈÇÑÒ.

    2- ÞÇÆãÉ ÎÇÕÉ Èßá ØÇáÈ ÍÓÈ ÍÇÌÊå.

    æÊÌÏÑ ÇáÅÔÇÑÉ Åáì ÃåãíÉ ÍÐÝ ÇáÃÎØÇÁ ÇáÊí ÊÛáÈ ÚáíåÇ ÇáÊáÇãíС æÅÖÇÝÉ ãÇ íÓÊÌÏ ãä ÃÎØÇÁ Ãæ ÍÓÈ ãÇ ÊÞÊÖíå ÇáÍÇÌÉ.

    ÃãÇ Ôßá æãÍÊæì åÐå ÇáÞæÇÆã¡ ÝÊõÊÑß áßá ãÚáã ÍíË íãßä æÖÚåÇ ÈÇáÊÝÇåã ãÚ ÊáÇãíÐå¡ æÈÇáÔßá ÇáÐí íÓåá Úáíåã Ýåãå.

  6. #6
    äÌãÉ
    ÊÇÑíÎ ÇáÊÓÌíá
    20 - 01 - 2007
    ãÔÇÑßÇÊ
    196

    ÈäÇÊ æíäßã ÈÓ ÇÈÇ ÇáÊÕÍíÍ

ÇáãæÇÖíÚ ÇáãÊÔÇÈåå

  1. ããßä ÊÊÑÌãæä áí åÇáãÓÌ..¿¿¿
    ÈæÇÓØÉ ÇáßÜÜÜÜÜÇÐí Ýí ÞÓã : ÓÜÇÚÜÜÏæäÜí
    ãÔÇÑßÇÊ: 37
    : 2009-08-10, 01:03
  2. ããßä ÊÊÑÌãæä áí åÇáãÓÌ..¿¿¿
    ÈæÇÓØÉ ÇáßÜÜÜÜÜÇÐí Ýí ÞÓã : ÓÜÇÚÜÜÏæäÜí
    ãÔÇÑßÇÊ: 4
    : 2009-08-07, 17:48
  3. ããßä ÇØáÈ ãÓÇÚÏå .....ÈáíÒ ÈáíÒ áÇ ÓÇÚÏæäí
    ÈæÇÓØÉ @äÜæÇÇÑí@ Ýí ÞÓã : ÓÜÇÚÜÜÏæäÜí
    ãÔÇÑßÇÊ: 16
    : 2008-01-05, 03:15
ãæÇÞÚ ÕÏíÞÉ
ÚÑæÓ - ÇáãæÓæÚÉ ÇáÚÑÈíÉ - ÚØáÇÊ - Òææã ÇáÇãÇÑÇÊ - ÈÑæäÒíÉ - Dubai Tour - ãÎÒä